CLASSIFICATION OF CKD

DIAGNOSIS

DIAGNOSIS:
In many CKD patients,previous renal disease or other underlying diseases are already known.A   small number present with CKD of unknown cause.in these patients,a cause is occationally identified retrospectively.

CAUSES

CAUSES;
The most common causes are diabetes mellitus , hypertention and glomerulonephritis these are in 75%.

Others are diabetic nephropathy,

Kidney stones.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Blood pressure  is increased due to fluid overload and production of vasoactive hormones created by the kidney via the RAS(renin-angiotensin system),increasing one's risk of developing hypertension and or suffering from congestive heart failure.

• UREA accumulates ,leading to azotemia.urea is excreted by sweating and crystellizes on skin.

Chronic kidney disease is identified by a blood test for creatinine.Higher levels of creatinine indicate a falling glomerular filtration rate and as a result a decreased capability of the kidneys to excrete waste products.Creatinine levels may be normal in the early stages of CKD,and the condition is discovered if urinalysis(testing of a urine sample)shows that the kidney is allowing the loss of protein or red blood cells in to the urine.To fully investigate the underlying cause of kidney damage.Various forms of medical imaging blood of chronic kidney disease in five stages,with stage 1 being the mildest and usually causing fewtests and often renal biopsy(removing small sample of kidney tissue)are employed to find out if there is a reversible cause for the kidney malfunction.
Recent professional guidelines classify the severity  symptoms and stage 5 being a severe illness with poor life expectancy if untreated.Stage 5 CKD is also called established chronic kidney disease.

Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD)

CKD
Is also known as  chronic kidney disease,is a progressive loss in renal function  over a period of months or years.The symptoms of worsening kidney function are unspecific, and might include feeling generally unwell and experiencing a reduced appetite.Often,chronic kidney disease is diagnosed as a result of screening of people known to be  at risk of kidney problems,such as those with high blood pressure and diabetes and those with a  bllod relative with chronic kidney disease.CKD may also be identified when it leads one of its recognazed complications,such as cardiovascular disease,anemia or pericarditis